星期四, 3月 27, 2008

吉尼係數 Gini Coefficient

最近德文明顯地退步了。一下子沒什麼特別的辦法可想,就從讀新聞開始。一篇新聞讀過了,果然,沒留下什麼在腦子裡,不過這張圖表有點起眼,黑線是西德的吉尼系數,紅線是東德的。就是還不懂吉尼係數,也看得出來東西德在統一之後,經濟條件的落差未曾消除。然而了解吉尼係數代表的意義(用以衡量一國所得分配的狀況,數值愈高表示貧富差距愈大)之後,其實這張表最重要還是指出,德國貧富差距正在增加,東西德都是。

於是想看看台灣的吉尼指數,找到一篇文章(台灣大紀元2007/11/17),雖然我是門外漢隨便看看,但覺得裡頭對經濟的描述淺顯而理性,直指關鍵。我饒富興趣地看完後把文中數據加在圖表上,大家可以"目測"一下貧富差距變化所帶來生活感受究竟是如何。
我標註的紅線是中國的吉尼係數,綠線是台灣的,文末還提供了韓、日於21世紀以來平均的數值。若點選圖片,將可以看到清晰的數值。
吉尼係數越高社會分配不均就越嚴重,指數0.4是一社會穩定的臨界值。高吉尼係數儼然已是社會不公的具體証據。

中國的指數增長姿態已經到了能刺痛外行人的眼睛的地步。

逐漸地我結識好多中國朋友,幾乎都是溫良的脾氣,不愛談政治遑論制度,而更好以中國的經濟蓬勃發展之現在進行式來堅定自己求學的決心和努力。我幾乎也以為那便是生活的機會了。做完這個圖表,我覺得恐怖。我想,要降低這指數一點點不知道需要多少經濟技術和知識,想來是相當不容易,為什麼日本做得到呢?而在缺乏具有良心善意的制度的不健全國家裡,真的有幸福嗎?或者不過是不知者之無憂呢?

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